Horwath Spa Consulting

Rina Segal, Andrew Jacka and Naphalai Areesorn directors at Horwath Spa Consulting pick up Asia’s Leading Spa Consultancy at the World Travel Awards. The regional World Travel Awards ceremony for Asia, Australasia and the Indian Ocean, took place at The Leela Palace Kempinski in Bangalore with the best in entertainment that the Indian sub-continent had to offer. Winners from across the region flew in to collect their awards. All guests enjoyed a glittering celebration with over 30 different media outlets participating.

There are many ways to enjoy a sweat bath, one of the basic elements of the detoxification process and on the top of the “things to do when I visit a spa”.  Sauna users like their bath hot and relatively dry, while Islamic hammam bathers prefer cooler and steamier sweat baths, and the early Romans incorporated both climates into their bathing rituals. Some cultures like the American Indians chanted, while others basked in quiet meditation in the sweat bath.  Today’s spas offer various versions, from the more traditional steam and sauna, to hammams, hay baths, enzyme baths and rock baths – all offering varying levels of heat with differing results.  What is most important is to follow a few basic guide lines for use in a sweat bath.  Obviously some are ‘bath specific’, while others apply to all forms of sweat baths. 

Allow yourself reasonable time for preparation and bathing. Saunas need to “ripen,” time for the kiuas to heat the rocks, walls and benches. Remember, comforting heat radiates evenly from all sides, not from a single source. Sauna is best taken in a leisurely fashion so bathers can savor each other’s camaraderie.   Refrain from eating and drinking a few hours before sauna (see precautions.)  Before undressing, attend to details such as towels, loofas, soap, vihtas and other sauna implements. Searching for a forgotten brush is annoying once bathing begins. 

Attitudes toward nudity are relaxed in many European countries. To bathe clothed is unheard of, however, bathing is often done at separate times for males and females. If inhibitions rule, loosely wrap a towel around your waist and shoulders. Avoid constricting clothing like a swim suit, it will cut off circulation and inhibit sweating. 

To promote cleanliness, you should shower or wash before entering the sweat room.  In the sweat room a towel or washable cover may be placed over the bench to keep the seat clean for the next user.  Immediately after entering the sweat room toss water on the heated rocks (loyly) to help get the negative ions circulating, but warn fellow bathers so they can anticipate the wave of heat by ducking or moving to a lower level. 

After sweating, cool off. (Time in the sweat room is an individual matter –15 to 20 minutes is average.) For the hardy, and assuming availability, soft snow and ice water are invigorating pleasures, while hoses, buckets and showers provide gentler cooling.  

Heat and sweat purge dirt and pollutants no other bath can reach, including the one you may have taken in the beginning, and must be scrubbed and rinsed off the skin, so washing during your sweat bath is essential for maximum cleanliness.  A luxury not to be missed is the back scrub by a friend or a massage given after the body is softened by the heat – this is one of the main attractions to this type of experience in a spa.  After two to four sessions in the sweat room, relax in a quiet place.  If possible, remain naked and dry naturally, if not a loose robe only should be used.  If you skin is dry, moisturize with lotions or oil. Dress only after sweating has stop­ped.The typical body is 6O% water by weight and while sweat baths may have an indirect effect on weight loss, generally any weight lost during the experience will be promptly regained as soon as you drink a glass of water afterwards.  

Precautions 

Accidents in the sweat bath are rare and if they do occur, can usually be attributed to a lapse in common sense. The most usual mishaps are hot stove burns or bruises from a slip on a wet floor or bench.  Remove jewelry, glasses & contact lenses before entering the sweat room.  Do not be excessive with the water you pour onto loyly.  Too much can scorch skin and lungs. 

Wait 1 – 2 hours after a big meal before using the sweat bath.  Eating before sweat bathing puts a strain on the circulatory system, but is also best not to bathe on an empty stomach.  Sweat bathing, uses energy and some people may experience nausea or even fainting.  If in doubt as to your own state of health, or a beginner bather, use lower temperatures and shorter bathing sessions.  If you are physically exhausted or have been suffering from a long illness, avoid all sweat baths. 

We all react differently to heat. Learn your own limits by starting with lower temperatures and increasing them gradually. Listen to your body and let it tell you when it has had enough, which will become progressively longer the more you use the sweat baths as your body will adapt with repeated exposure to heat, sweat will flow more readily and your cardiovascular system will function and cool more efficiently. 

People not acclimated to heat may feel nauseous or faint. Nose bleeds or other injury to blood vessels may also occur, although there is little danger if treat properly.  Nausea can result a poorly vented sweat room, or from bathing on an empty stomach when your blood sugar is low.   If you feel nauseous, immediately leave the room, lie down and drink a glass of fruit juice.  Fainting may also occur if you stand up abruptly in the sweat room. Blood vessels are relaxed during bathing and when you stand suddenly, fainting may result so MOVE SLOWLY! 

Injury to blood vessels sometimes occurs with the sudden dilation of weak vein walls. If this happens, stanch the bleeding with a compress, leave the sweat room and lie down. Next time, try lower temperatures. 

IF YOU SUFFER FROM A SERIOUS ILLNESS OR HAVE AN ACUTE HEART, CIRCULATORY OR RESPIRATORY PROBLEM, CONSULT A PHYSICIAN BEFORE SWEAT BATHING.

Getting lathered in mud is not just child’s play any more.  Adults and the savvy spa goers of the world are re-discovering spa muds (or more technically correct) clays thanks to research that supports their therapeutic qualities.   

Since the earliest Antiquity, earth and water have been used to heal ailments and alleviate pain. Animals instinctively use clay when they are wounded or ill: they eat earth and roll in clays. It seems that these muddy places around which they gather are the source of some of the best clays.  Used by indigenous cultures around the world as an important medicine and cosmetic since before recorded history, around the world, spa clays are used externally to absorb excess oil, dirt, and toxins from the skin, for exfoliating and improving skin circulation, and some are ingested to detoxify or treat mineral deficiencies.  Considered sacred by Egyptians, clay was prescribed by their doctors for external and internal uses to heal wounds and burns as well as a multitude of gastro-intestinal diseases. In the 5 Elements Traditional Chinese Medicine, it is considered to focus telluric and cosmic energies and allow the entry of the Element Earth in the global dynamic of an organism. Indeed, during its very long process of birth, Clay has accumulated lots of different energies (electric, magnetic and chemical thanks to all the minerals and trace elements of which it is composed) which contribute to making Clay a unique natural remedy adapted for a wide array of purposes.  

Our skin is highly porous and will absorb anything that is put on it, so by applying clay, your skin will absorb minerals and nutrients while simultaneously removing toxins.   

Spa clay’s come in a range of textures from coarse to fine and in a range of colors from red to green, white, yellow, blue, grey and black depending on the natural mineral content.  Red clays are high in iron, green clays are high in silica, while coloured clay contain iron oxides, Bentonite, hematite and a long list of other minerals such as sulphur, magnesium, potash, aluminia, ferric oxide, lime, soda and titania, humic acid, salicylates, phytohormones etc. etc. depending upon the type and source of the clay.The Maori reserve of Hells Gate, Tikitere is arguably New Zealand’s best known source of spa clay.  The geothermal reserve was formed some 10,000 years ago and today is a major tourist attraction, with private and communal clay baths on site, or you can take some clay home for self application.  Australia offers environmentally clean and geologically ancient clay with some dating back as far as 300 million years, and Abundant Springs claim that they are more absorbent and more active than other similar clays on the market.  Casselman, Ontario Canada is home to the Golden Moor bog, which produced clay taken during the winter months from a depth of 5 – 15 meters under the frozen surface, uncontaminated by modern day pollution and where the thermal current circulates constantly.  Cervia in Italy claims to have very rare, lagoon clay whose special properties derive from mineral salts and organic substances present in seawater.  Many other countries around the world offer clay of varying types and purities to the growing number of spa goers.  If in doubt about is purity, always ask for confirmation of its mineral content before purchasing. 

Clay will purify, stimulate, invigorate and regenerate. “Have you had some clay today?”

Horwath Spa Consulting has been awarded ‘Asia’s Leading Spa Consultancy’ at the World Travel Awards 2007.  The awards based in the UK have been called the travel industry’s equivalent to the Oscars by the Wall Street Journal and are the most comprehensive recognition programme in the global travel industry.  Sponsors of the 14^th World Travel Awards, include BBC World and Amadeus, with voting done on-line by over 165,000 travel professionals in 200 countries worldwide.  

Receiving the award were Naphalai Areesorn, Managing Director, and Directors Andrew Jacka and Rina Segal at a gala dinner in the plush Leela Palace Hotel, Bangalore. Horwath Spa Consulting has developed and managed spas for clients in Thailand, Italy, Turkey, Dubai and on board cruise ships. Naphalai and Andrew are active in the spa industry, with Andrew being the current President of the Thai Spa Association.  This award for the Thai-based company is also seen as recognition for the leading role that Thailand plays in the global spa industry. 

Move over Mr. and Mrs. Carnivore, the Vegetarians are moving into the neighborhood and they have their complete proteins too.  Soy beans - a chief source of protein for millions across Asia, contain all the essential amino acids in the correct portions to ensure growth and maintenance of our bodies cells.  Used in everything from beverages to processed meats, cheeses, pasta, soups and bakery products, soy beans contain 40 – 50% protein, and while they also contain a relatively high level of fat, this is polyunsaturated.  (If fat is an issue in your diet, consider the low fat soy products which are available.)

An estimated 7% of the world’s children have an allergy to cows’ milk, making it the most common allergy problem in this section of the population.  Soy protein formulas are recommended for infants, and adults, that are allergic to milk proteins or have lactose intolerance.  Heat processed soy products, including soy milk, are considered to be hypoallergenic.   The high fibre content is another real bonus to your diet.

Nutritionally, fresh is always best, but if you purchase your soy from the shop, look for products that DO NOT have sugar added.  Sugar has been a public relation company’s dream product and a whole industry has made billions of dollars getting you addicted to substandard levels of health, but here I digress – lets stick to the subject in hand.

Soy proteins are comparable in digestibility with other protein sources such as meat, fish and milk.  It contains isoflavins, those wonderful little things with scientific names that no one can pronounce (like daidzein and genistein) but have been proven to be powerful antioxidants that will minimize damage which may be caused to the body by free radicals, inhibits cancerous growths and blocks the damaging effects of estrogens, whether natural or introduced.  Soy also contains saponins, which will boost your body’s immunity, help prevent infections and aid in lowering your LDL cholesterol levels.  Also present is phytic acid which is also an anti-oxidant with links to cancer prevention, and lots of omega-3 fatty acids which are important to the immune system and for reducing the risk or heart disease, arthritis and high blood pressure.

You may have heard that soy is not good for you if consumed in the raw state.  This relates to the inhibition of certain activity by some enzymes in soy (and also other legumes, cereals, grasses, potatoes, sweetcorn, peanuts and eggs) which is thought to cause problems with the pancreas.  Studies show that this is only a problem if you have low stomach acid levels, pancreatic dysfunction, include large quantities of fat in your diet or are a new born child.  Proper heating of soy through cooking or processing will destroy the enzymes that cause these problems ensuring that the consumer need not worry about this at all.  The ‘home cook’ does need to be aware of this if any of the issues listed above are a consideration for a family member.  If in doubt, ALWAYS cook soy beans

For prevention, and supported by numerous studies by scientists around the world, consumption of soy products such as soy beans, soy milk, tofu or tempeh (sorry soy sauce does not count) at least every second day is required, however you will need to consume soy products at least on a daily basis if more aggressive results are required.  One negative which you may need to consider is that soy flour may cause flatulence if consumed in high levels.

Able to produce protein on a land yield basis of over 5 times greater than wheat and 25 times greater than beef, soy has solidified its place in our dietary future although the development of genetically modified varieties now does now bring in some questions.

As we plan our end of year office parties with colleagues, celebrations of Christmas with family or excesses of New Years Eve, this festive period can be seen as a health disaster.  However it does not need to be such.  With foresight and consideration you can continue to celebrate and even indulge without all of the excesses which are normally associated with this time of year.

Whether food or drinks are the concern, both areas can be adapted to be considerate of your overall health habits or goals.  You have worked hard all year on a sensible eating plan and to indulge as is traditional done this time of year is dietary suicide.

Starting with drinks - as this is generally the first thing you will find in your hand at any type of festive or celebratory event, choose wisely.  If you have not had at least one glass of water prior to arriving, this becomes a top priority.  Other than filling your stomach quickly, it does not contain any of the negative nutritional impacts of sugar and/or alcohol levels which are present in the commonly presented beverages.  If you do choose a sugar or alcohol containing beverage, always add ice to ‘thin’ the drink rather than for its temperature adjusting qualities and follow it up with a glass of water or if this causes snide comments from your fellow party goers, drink it very slowly to minimize the negative impact this may have on your diet.

Try to avoid buffets.  Unless you have a strong sense of quantity, it is very easy to overeat at this type of meal.  To help; choose a chair at a table as far from the buffet table as possible – this causes inconvenience to you resulting in less trips to the buffet table; select the smallest available plate and select plenty of raw foods first and follow this up with a bowl of (non-cream) soup.  Raw foods generally contain lots of fibre, water or both which will fill you without all of the fats and oils which the hot dishes will probably contain.  Always remember that which ever plate you choose, NEVER place food on the rim of the plate.  Most importantly on the dessert section of the buffet table, choose only fresh fruits unless you are prepared to make some considerable activity adjustments the following day.  You do not need the sugar hit that you will get from this section of the meal.

If you are organizing a buffet, suggest a ‘stand-up’ buffet – when compared to a sit-down buffet, it can be difficult to eat a lot of food while standing with a drink in one hand and a plate in the other.

If the meal is a ‘sit down’ style, then NEVER order a second helping regardless of how good it tastes or how much your host insists.  The first serving will be more than sufficient for your nutritional requirements.  You may find difficulty if the meal is a ‘family service’ style of food presentation with the food placed in the centre of the table.  If available, choose raw foods or steamed rice first and add lots of self control before anything else to your plate.

Regardless of the style of function you are attending, your body has the same nutritional requirements yesterday as it did today.  If you consume or plan to consume a level of food or drinks that is in excess of your ‘norm’, then make the adjustments accordingly.  Consume less on the day before or the day after.  Make sure you body is fully hydrated BEFORE joining the party.  Business men are habitual in their low water consumption levels so a glass, or preferably two, of water will make a big difference in helping to reduce the quantity of other items you consume.  Water will also greatly assist in counterbalancing the dehydrating effect of any alcohol consumed.  It can also help to drink a glass or two of water when you get home whether you feel you need it or not, as this will help flush out some of the body’s toxins resulting from the indulgences of the celebrations.

And finally, exercise.  This does not have to be a marathon run or an hour at the gym.  It can be a simple as a walk around the block, scrubbing the bathroom or a round of golf, but make sure you, at the very least, continue whatever exercise program you are on over this period - it is more important now than at any other time of the year.  Exercise will assist in balancing out any of the excesses in which you may have indulged yourself.  If these indulgences are too great, simply increase the intensity or duration of the activity.  If you are normally a ‘couch potato’, consider taking a flight of stairs instead of the elevator, taking the dog for a walk or use the on/off button on the TV instead of the remote control.  Any exercise is better than none.

But remember that this is a time of celebration, so providing you make your selections with thought and consideration of the consequences you will avoid or at the very least minimize any dietary indiscretions.  If you do over indulge despite the very best of planning or intentions do not feel guilty about them, but make the necessary adjustments over the coming days.  After all, food (and life) is to enjoy.

According to the dairy industries of the world, milk and milk products are an essential source of protein, iron and calcium – so beneficial, you really have to wonder how we could ever live without them and maintain a ‘healthy diet’.  Milk may be a ‘good source of protein’, but there after, you have to be wonder.  Reality is that the minerals in milk such as magnesium, chromium, selenium and manganese are contained in higher concentrations in fruits and vegetables.  As an example, magnesium works in conjunction with calcium, so relying on milk and milk products for your calcium intake can potentially lead to a magnesium imbalance or even a deficiency.  Seeds, nuts and fresh vegetables such as carrots, kale and cauliflower will provide both magnesium and calcium in a nutritional balance more in keeping with our bodies needs.  If you think about it, throughout the animal kingdom, milk is provided only while the offspring are very young.  As they grown and develop, so does their diet, moving on to more ‘solid’ foods with a greater nutritional balance in keeping with their needs.  We humans have opted to take the humble cows, buffalos and goats of this world and continue to consume their milk long after it is needed nutritionally.  While it may afford a section of our agricultural industry a good income, milk is designed by nature to be consumed calves and not adult humans.  Surely we can see that this is not ‘natural’ and in the interests of health, that we need to change our ways?

Many of the nursing mothers of the world have chosen to provide their newborns with cows’ milk instead of their own.  While this may be necessary for a few mothers for medical reasons, it is definitely not the case for all.  As already mentioned; cows’ milk is designed for calves, not babies - and is different in many respects including the protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron and essential fatty acid content.  It has been shown that early feeding of our babies with cows’ milk can increase the possibility of developing an allergy to cows milk (something the author can speak of from personal experience).  Experts recommend that cows’ milk should not be given to a child until they are at least four months old.  Studies have shown that this will significantly reduce a child’s chances of being effected by insulin-dependant diabetes.

Milk allergies are increasingly common amongst all sections of our society, from the very young to the not so young.  Sometimes this is as a result of lactose intolerance caused when adults loose their ability to digest the lactose (milk sugar).  Another allergy (which is not yet fully understood) is that of Dairy Products – with the symptoms of excessive mucus production, blocked nose and even asthma (very different from the abdominal pains, gas and diarrhea caused by milk allergies), although the people suffer from this allergy often consume dairy products regularly or over consume them.

And, as with all ‘rules’ there are the exceptions.  People, who are allergic to cows’ milk, may well be able to tolerate yoghurt, sheep or even goat milk.

If you think you are allergic to milk avoid it completely for two weeks and see if there is a change in your overall health.  If you feel you cannot avoid it completely, substitute it with soy or rice milk instead.  Once you have determined your allergy status, adjust your diet accordingly.

If you are drinking milk for its protein content, eating two servings of beans, lentils, tofu or one small serving of meat, fish or an egg every day should supply you with your body’s daily requirements.  It must be remembered that most of use consume levels of protein in excess or our bodies requirements, so even if you choose not to give up on your milk intake, then at least consider your total animal protein intake and reduce the quantity and/or frequency of which you consume them to three times per week.

If you are considering changing your diet, it is always best to consult with a health care professional as advised when offered will always be generic and may not be suited to your particular case – if in doubt, always check first!!

Walking the aisle of your local supermarket, you will see an increasing variety of teas available - from the traditional varieties of Earl Grey and English Breakfast to fruit teas (black tea with fruit flavoring), herbal teas and the increasingly popular green tea.  In terms of ‘regular tea’, there are three main types – Black, Green and Oolong.  They all come from the same tea bush, but are processed in slightly different manners.  Fresh tea leaves are picked, rolled, fermented and then dried to produce the black tea.  Oolong tea is processed in the same manner as black tea, but only partially fermented.  Green tea is produced in the same way, except the leaves are first steamed to remove the enzyme that causes the tea to go black during the natural fermentation process.  This removal of the enzymes effectively means that the leaves do not ferment, but are just dried.

Long scorned by the health industry for its negative health properties including its tannin and caffeine content and its diuretic properties, tea is making a resurgence following extensive studies by the tea industry to counter the negative claims.

Following this research, the rest of the world is finally catching on to what the Japanese and Chinese have known for centuries; Green tea is good for your health.  As well as tasting good, it can be utilized for a variety of health reasons.

Reports that green tea is anti-carcinogenic are based on epidemiological studies of sections of the Japanese and Chinese communities that drink green tea as part of a daily cultural habit, and show lower rates of many types of cancer, especially stomach cancer.  This is due to the presence of polyphenols in the green tea which react with the cancer cells.  These polyphenols are also a powerful antioxidant, stimulant, astringent and antibacterial agent, known to kill the food poisoning bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus and the acne causing bacteria - Bacterium acne.  It is also a diuretic (as is coffee and black tea), and an anti-tumor agent.  If you drink a cup of green tea after your meal, this will help to prevent gum disease and cavities by killing the polyphenols that cause these diseases.  It will also assist to lower your blood pressure and blood sugar and has been shown to be highly beneficial to the heart by helping to prevent the oxidation of LDL (good) cholesterol.  Green tea has also been proven to prevent the onset of or progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis providing you drink four cups a day.  There is a fine line with this however, as five cups a day has been shown to increase the risk of pancreatic cancer.  So, as with all things in life there is that fine balance….

There are three main grades of green tea:  The premium graded Mat-cha used for tea ceremonies, the medium grade Sen-cha and the more common Ban-cha.  For the adventurous, there are also Genmai-cha which is Ban-cha mixed with roasted rice, Hoji-cha which is lightly roasted Ban-cha and Kuki-cha which is green tea made from the stems and twigs.
To ensure the maximum health benefits from your cup of green tea, make it with hot water (90ºC - 100ºC) and never use boiling water.  Use 1 teaspoon of loose tea per 1 cup of water and allow it to steep for 4 – 5 minutes.  Remember that decaffeinated green tea does not have the same beneficial properties as ‘natural’ green tea and adding milk negates all of the green tea’s beneficial properties.
Green tea, as with all things in life, must be taken in moderation.

Sprouts are the first growth of a plants life from the germination of seeds and used within the first few days or weeks of the plants life.  While they have been used by the Chinese for centuries as a staple food, they are still considered as food for the ‘health nut’.  This is definitely not the case.  As the Chinese have known for a very long time, the nutrient value of vitamins and minerals are higher and far more abundant in these baby plants than at any other stage of the plants development, due to their levels of concentration.  Research has shown that broccoli sprouts contain the anti-cancer compound of sulforaphane at levels of up to fifty times higher than those of the mature plants, and while this high level of concentration is not the same for all the nutrient levels, it is indicative.

The use of sprouts adds texture and flavour as well as nutrients including high levels of Vitamin B, Vitamin C, fiber and iron to your meal.  Some seeds have the added bonus of high levels of protein and vitamin E.  Enzymes which facilitate growth and repair of our body’s tissues are more abundant in sprouts because they are only found in ‘living’ foods as they are so perishable.

Easy to grow, virtually any seed can be sprouted.  Alfalfa, radish and pea sprouts are probably the most common, with beans, lentils, wheat and rye also easily sprouted.  For variety, try chives, onions, mustard seeds, lettuce or what about basil, garlic or thyme seeds?  The only seeds that CAN NOT be sprouted to add to your salad are those where the leaves of the plants are toxic.  So, remember that tomatoes, bell peppers and rhubarb should not be sprouted and lima beans and fava beans should not be used sprouted unless they have been cooked.

To sprout your own seeds, you can use a ‘seed sprouter’ from your health food store, (follow the instructions included) or just use a large glass jar.  Choose seeds that have not been chemically treated.  Carefully rinse the seeds several times, removing any stones or other foreign matter.  Place in a sterilized glass jar with a broad mouth.  Cover with tepid water and secure the opening of the jar with a piece of cloth so that it can still ‘breathe’.  Leave in a warm cupboard or place, but out of direct sunlight for 8 – 10 hours.  Drain the water and rinse the seeds again.  As the seeds start to grow, carefully rinse 2 – 3 times a day to ensure that the moisture content is sufficient for the seeds to grow.  The darker the growing the environment, the whiter the sprouts will be, so if you want green sprouts, just make sure they get lots of light for the last day or two of growth.  When they are of the desired size remove them from the jar and use immediately or they can be stored in a refrigerator for 2 - 3 days, providing they have limited leaf formation.  If you have sprouted them to the leaf stage, they will quickly wilt and spoil, so they are not recommended for storage.

To use your fresh sprouts, just rinse carefully, drain well and add them to your favorite salad, toss them with your vegetables, or into a stir-fry.  For variety, blend them to a paste and use as healthy pâté or salsa, or thin the paste with a little water or vegetable stock and use it as a ‘sauce’ over fish or meat.  For that added texture, try mixing some chopped sprouts into your next batch of pastry or bread.

Herbs, defined by the Oxford Dictionary as plants of which the leaves or stem and leaves are used for medicine or for their scent or flavor vary around the world, with numerous regional variations.  This is never more apparent that when you visit the daily ‘fresh’ markets of Thailand or just when you walk down the busy streets lined with food stalls, you will see and smell the many culinary herbs which are distinctive to the kitchens of Thailand.  And, while many of these may not be unique to Thailand such as mint and garlic, the way in which they are used in often is.  These herbs while being used for their intensive flavors probably have their inclusion in the recipe because of some long forgotten textural, taste or health reasons.  Regardless, they all have very specific medicinal in terms of our overall wellbeing.

Basil – available in number of varieties around the world from small leafed ‘Greek basil’ from Greece to the ‘Cinnamon basil’ from Mexico and ‘Italian Basil’ from Italy, it is the aniseed flavors of Thai basil that truly astound the culinary world, while being good for us as well.  Basil is used to treat bronchitis, colds, fevers and even stress.  Basil juice can ease skin complaints, essential oil to treat ear infections and rubbed into the skin as an insect repellant.  Basil has been shown to reduce blood sugar levels and even to treat diabetes, so next time you add a few leaves to your tom yam or mix in your pat kapow moo you might consider adding a little extra for its health benefits, rather than just the taste sensation.

Mint – there are a significant number of mint varieties, but it is the more common ‘garden mint’ which is used most often in Thai cookery.  Whether eaten raw as a breath freshener or mixed in your larb gai, mint can assist with the relief of indigestion, nausea, wind, colic and diarrhea.  Mint tea will soothe the symptoms of colds and cold mint tea can even be used as gargle to ease a sore throat.

Lemon Grass – long renown as one of the staples of a Thai kitchen is also used extensively across the whole of Asia and is even significant in Indian cuisines.  With its strong lemon-like flavors and aromas, the leaves are stomach relaxant when made into a tisane, the oil is an antiseptic and a deodorant and when used in poultices or herbal compresses it can help to ease the pain and arthritis.  It is also an insect repellent.  This is not to say that your lemon grass salad when left on the table will rid the room of mosquitoes, as consumption in this manner is more likely to assist with your internal health, but it shows the diversity of the herb.  Essential oil from lemon grass is even becoming one of the signature scents in the Spas of Thailand.

Coriander – this ‘I love it’ or ‘I hate it’ herb has been cultivated for over 3,000 years.  Various cultures have endowed it with the power of immortality, and even its ability as a love potion, but despite its unique ability to generate two distinctive flavors from the one plant (the mild orange flavor of the seeds and the pungent earthiness of the leaves) it is the roots which are highly prized in the Thai kitchen.  Unlike the other herbs which offer a range of medicinal values, coriander is only recognized for its ability to stimulate the appetite.

Garlic – this is one of the essentials of the Thai kitchen, although culinarily speaking it is the Italians that claim ownership to it, probably because of their love of garlic bread – a staple of every Italian restaurant around the world.  Garlic as with all members of the Allium family (onion family) is renowned for its health benefits.  Whether the leaves or the familiar ‘clove’ it can be used as an antibiotic, diuretic, expectorant or for treatment of coughs, cold, bronchitis or gastroenteritis, but is probably best known for its ‘blood cleansing’ abilities.

Chives – with records existing dating back to 3000BC it is one of our oldest herbs, and while it is now cultivated around the world it also grows wild on most continents.  To maintain its health benefits it should be eaten uncooked.  The leave of the chive plant will stimulate the appetite and aid digestion, and they can also be used as a mild antiseptic.  So add some chopped chives to your meal today if your appetite is poor.